The central backbone chassis (with outriggers for side impact protection) was built by Heuliez and then transferred to Dieppe - aside from the body, most of the car was subcontracted to various suppliers. Also available was the more powerful turbocharged model, which used a smaller (2.5-liter) displacement.

The small power gain compensated for the weight increase, up by 92 kg (203 lb). The PRV engine in the naturally aspirated model was identical to the version used in the Renault 25, a 2849 cc unit producing 160 PS (118 kW 158 hp). The car was also considerably more efficient to manufacture, with the time necessary to build a finished car dropping from 130 to 77 hours - which was still a long time, but acceptable for a small-volume specialty car. This required a major overhaul of the Alpine plant, leaving only the sandblasting machinery intact. Rather than being moulded in a single piece as for the preceding A310, the new Alpine's body was moulded in a large number of small separate panels. In Great Britain it was sold simply as the Renault GTA, as Sunbeam (and then Chrysler/Talbot) had been using the ' Alpine' badge since the 1950s.

The GTA name, used to denote the entire range of this generation, stands for 'Grand Tourisme Alpine' but in most markets the car was marketed as the Renault Alpine V6 GT or as the Renault Alpine V6 Turbo. Due to its bigger tires and need for more cooling intakes, the Turbo's drag coefficient was a bit higher: 0.30 C x. It was one of the most aerodynamic cars of its time, the naturally aspirated version achieved a record 0.28 drag coefficient in its class.

Passenger room increased, making the rear seat more of a useful proposition, while equipment was much more complete and now included items such as power locks. Like its predecessor, it used the V6 PRV engine in a rear-engined layout, with extensive use of Polyester plastics and fibreglass for the body panels making it lighter and quicker than rivals such as the Porsche 944. Longer, wider, and taller, it effectively updated the design of its predecessor, the Alpine A310, updating that car's silhouette with modern design features like body-integrated bumpers and a triangular C-pillar with large rear windshield. It was the first car launched by Alpine under Renault ownership (though Alpine had been affiliated with Renault for many years, with its earlier models using many Renault parts).

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